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Steel Hand

Various styles of martial arts from both Japan and China have used some kind of hand conditioning techniques to both protect the hands from being damaged during combat and to also increase their power and effectiveness as weapons. This conditioning often involved increasing heavy impact training which often leads to the formation of calluses and hard formations on the fingers, knuckles and hand edges. Although it can be very effective this kind of training often leads to deformities of the hands and arthritis in later life.